Free HCIE-Routing & Switching (Written) V3.0 H12-261_V3.0 Questions and Answers

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Page 1 of 12

1. As s hown in the following topolo g y diagram, all the interfaces of the router in the figure are all enabled with the IS I S protocol. T h e correct s ta t ements of t h e following are: (Multiple Choice)

If the GE0/0/0 i n terface of R3 is do w n, then R2 will become t h e master device.

If the Ethernet 0/0/0 interface of R3 is down, then R2 will become the master device.

If the Eth e rnet 0/0/0 inte r face of R1 is down, then R2 will become the master device.

If the Eth e rnet 0/0/1 inte r face of R1 is down, then R2 will become the master device.

2. Which of the following series can be matched by the regul a r expression [^100 | 200]$? (Multiple choice)

300 200 100

200 100 300

100 200 3 00

100 300 2 00

3. T h e second-lay e r network archit e cture of a c o mpany is as shown in the figure. After the engin e er is configured, the servi c es betwe e n the dep a r t ments cannot be communicated. Check the status of the device as follows.

Which is the possible reason? (N o figure is s h own, the MSTP three elements are different, causing the entry to appear on the master port.) (M u ltiple Choice)

The Revision Level configuration b etween switches is i n cons i stent

The BP D U interval configuration b etween switches is i n consi s tent.

The Reg i on Name configuration b etween the switches is i n con s istent

Instance VLAN mapping configura t ion between the switches is inconsist e nt

4. The basic header le n gth of an I P v6 message is a fixed val u e.

TURE

F ALSE

5. Which of the following are t he tec h niques for improving MPLS BGP VPN reliability? (Multiple Cho i ce)

V PN GR

V PN FRR

Configure CE dual-homing ne t working at the a ccess layer.

Private network IP rout i ng betw e en the PE and the CE FRR

6. Which of the following description i s wrong about sham link?

The endpoint address of the Sham link is advert i sed by BGP as the VPNv4 add r es s . R outes that have passed thro u gh the sham link can also be imported i nto BGP in the form of V PNv4 routes

Sham link can be configur e d in any area a nd n e eds to be c o n f igured ma n uall y , and there must be a route to the sham link destina t ion add r ess (the sh a m link endp o int address of the peer PE) in the local VPN instance

Sham link is regarded as a link between two VPN instances. E ach VPN i n s tan c e must have an end p oint ad d ress of the sham li n k, which must be a Loop b ack wi t h a 32bit mask in the VPN add r ess space on the PE route r . interface add r ess

In order to forward VPN tra f fic through the MPLS backbone network, the route cost of the sham li n k should be less than the OSPF route cost o f the b ackdoor link

7. The following description of the BSR mechanism, which is corre c t? (Multiple Choice)

There can be multiple C-BSR in a PIM-SM domain, but only one BSR can be elected.

The BSR collects C-RP information through t h e received C-RP data packets.

The BSR advertises BSR infor m ation and C -RP information to all routers in the PIM-SM domain by flooding Boo t strap packets.

One C-BSR can also c ollect C-RP information throu g h received C-RP pa c kets.

8. If a Huawei switch runs the RSTP protocol, when will the BPDU on a p o rt of the switch be aged?

On the interface, R STP does not a ge BPDUs.

After more than 6 sec o nds

After Ma x Age times o u t

After the Hold time expires

After the Forw a rd Del a y expires

9. Which of the following state m ents about RAD I US is correct?

MAC authentication does not requi r e a userna m e and pass w ord, so you cannot use R ADIUS to authenticate a user.

RADIUS a uthentication and Portal authentica t ion cannot be u s ed together. Because P o rtal authentication is usually used, the Portal serv e r can be used to authenticate users.

RADIUS protocol aut h entica t ion, authorization, and a u dit s e p aration.

RADIUS supp o rts both wired a n d w i reless access methods.

10. Which of the following statemen t s about inter - domain MPLS VPN i s w r ong? (Multip l e Choice)

When only LDP i s us e d for the pub l ic network label, for the c r oss-domain VPN-optionC scheme 2, Layer 3 labe l s are required in the packet forwarding process.

For the cross-domain VPN-Op t io n B method, an MP-eBGP neigh b or re la tionship ne e ds to be established between the two ASBRs.

For the c r oss-domain VPN-Optio n A method, the route passed between the two ASBRs is a co m mon IPv4 route.

For cross - domain VPN-OptionB, m ultiple interfaces (including sub-interf ac es) are interconnected between two ASBR-PEs, each interface is a ssocia t ed with a V P N, and each ASBR P E tr e ats the opposite end as a C

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11. T w o rou t ers connected through a f i rewall cann o t establish a BGP neigh b or relationsh i p.

What is the cause?

EBGP Multi-hop is not configured

The firewall did not let go of the IP protocol number 89

The firewall did not relea s e the U D P port number 179

BGP nei g hbors must form a 2-lay e r adjacency

12. As shown in the figure, the A d e partment of branch 1 can access the Internet, but the B depar t ment can only use the en c rypted VPN to access the hea d quarters re s ources. Y ou can configure the N A T poli c y on the export device so t h at departm e nt A can access the Inter n et and configure IPsec VPN (ESP protocol) for department B + tunnel mode method t o allow it to a ccess the h e adq u arters.

T rue

False

13. In an IPv6 network, two nodes A and B are n e ighbors each o t her. If node A sends an NS message to node B, if node B receives a mes s age and then r e plies the NA message, t h en checked on node A, what will the neig h bor status be marked?

Reachable

I n complete

Stale

Probe

14. Y ou ne e d to configure policy rou t ing on the r o uter to specify t hat specific tra f fic is forwar d ed thro u gh an interface.

When using policy-based routin g , which two types of most typical information can be used to forward tra f fic along a particular p ath?

TTL and source IP address of the packet

Source IP address and Layer 2 source address

Source IP address and specific protocols (s u ch as FT P , HTT P , et c .)

Service type he a der a nd message length

15. Assume t h at the port s h aping rate is 100Mbps. The input ban d width and PIR configured by IP of each service on t h e inter f ace are as follows.

Then, after the first round of s cheduli n g, what is the ban d wid t h allocated by the EF queue?

30M

15M

90M

25M

16. What is the value of OSPF and BFD linkage?

Through the BFD detected at the millisecond level, the OSPF stat u s is associated to achieve the purpose of OSPF qui c k ly s ensing the link st a tus

Any change in the BFD status w ill not a f fect the OSPF neighbor status

The sending interval of BFD packets can rea c h the millisecond level, which is slower than the OSPF sensing link state

The hello sending inte rv al of OSPF is at the second level, w hich is faster than the BFD sensing link state

17. An existing router r u n ning OSPF is connected to Zone 0 a n d Zone 1. Y ou configure zone 1 as a stub area.

What types of LSA are only operating inside Zone 1?

T ype 7 LSA

T ype 1 LSA and T y pe 2 LSA

T ype 1 LSA, T ype 2 LSA and T y pe 5 LSA

T ype 3 LSA and T y pe 4 LSA

T ype 1 LSA, T ype 2 LSA and T y pe 3 LSA

18. W hich of the following is wrong about HTTPS?

HTTPS protocol uses TCP port 443 by default.

HTTPS s e cures acce s s to data by u sing SSL VP

When using HTTPS to acc e ss a w ebsite, if the u s er's browser does not recognize the d i gital certificate of the website, the web s ite cannot be accessed.

If the HTTPS traffic c o ntains a vir u s , the router cannot directly detect the virus using IPS t e chnol o gy.

19. Which is wrong about the EVPN Type 5 class r outing?

The I P P r efix f ield can carry either t he host IP a ddress or the network segment addre s s.

Type 5 is an IP prefix r oute.

Type 5 routing carries bo t h Layer 2 VNI and Layer 3 VNI

Type 5 routing c a rries Layer 3 VN

20. The ro u ting policy tools that BGP can use mainly include Filter-policy and Route - pol ic y . Filter-policy can only filter route s , and Route- p olicy can only m o dify route s .

TRUE

F ALSE

Page 3 of 12

21. Which of the following statemen t s are correct about PPPoE data frames? (Multiple Choice)

The fixed value of the Ethernet Type field is Ox8863.

The Sess i on_ID segment of the ppp session must be the v a lue specified in the D i scovery phase a n d cannot be chang e d.

When PPPoE is used to transf e r s e ssion data, C ode must be s e t to 0 x0.

After the PPPoE s e ssion is established, a ll Ethernet packets are unicast.

22. Regard i ng the description of IGMP Snooping, which is cor r ect? ( Multip l e Choice)

I G MP Snooping solves the problem of multic a st packets broad c ast at Layer 3

I G MP Snooping does not consume the CPU of the switch

IGMP S n ooping builds a MAC multicast address table by monit o ring I G MP messages sent by the host

IGMP S n ooping runs at the link l a yer and is a multicast restriction mech a nism on the Layer 2 Ethernet switch, which is used to manage a nd control multicast groups

23. What is the correct s tatement ab o ut the di f ference between OSP F v2 a n d OSPFv3? (Multiple Choice)

Both OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 support interface authentication, and OSPFv3 authentication is still implemented based on the fields in t h e OSPF message hea d er

OSPFv3 is similar to OSPFv2 in that it uses a multicast address as the destination address of OSPF packets

OSPFv2 and OSPFv3 have the s a me types of messages: H ello, D D , LSR, LSU, LSA ack, and their message formats are the same

The protocol number o f OSPFv2 in the IPv4 packet header is 89, and the next header number of OSPFv3 in the IPv6 packet header is 89

24. Four r o u ters R1, R2, R3, and R4 r un ISIS, the ISIS router type is marked, and the ro u ting table is viewed on R 1. The reason why R1 d o es not reach the route of 10 . 34.34.4 is

Configure a routing pol i cy on R2 to filter the defa u lt route.

R2's s y stem-ID conflicts with R3

Regional planni n g er ro rs for R3 and R4

R2's s y s t em-ID conflicts with R1

25. To configure AAA, you first need to define the XRADIUS RAD I US serv e r as follows: [Huawei] rad i us-server template EX A M

[Huawei-rad i us-EXAM] radius-se r ve shared-key cipher HUAwei123 [Huawei-rad i us-EXAM] radius- s e authentication 10.7.66.66 1812 [Huawei-rad i us-EXAM] radius- s e authorization 10.7.66.661812 [Huawei rad i us -EXAM] r adiu s -server retransmit 27. 1813

[Huawei-rad i us-EXAM] rad i us-serv accounting 10

True

False

26. Which of the following statemen t s about MUX VLAN are correct? (Multiple choice)

Principal VLAN can c o mmunic a te with all VLANs in MUX VLAN

E a c h Separate VLAN must be bound to a Principal VLAN

Separate VIAN can communicate with all VLANs in MUXVLAN

Each Group VLAN must be bound to a Principal VLAN

27. RSTP provides di f fe r ent prot e ction functions in di f ferent scenarios.

Which st a tement is wrong? (Multiple choice)

Enable t h e designated port of r oot protection. When the p o rt receives a better RST BPDU, the port will enter the Discarding state and no lon g er forwa r d p ackets. If the port does n o t receive a b etter RST BP D U within a period of time, i t will automatically r eturn to the normal Forwa r ding state

The desi g nated port w i th root p rot e ction functi o n enabl e d, its end [role can only rem a in as designated port

After the BPDU protection fun c tion is activated o n the swit c hing device, if the edge p or t receives t h e RST BPDU, the edge port will be set as a non-edge port, and the spanning tree cal c ulation will be perform e d again

After the a nti-TC-BPDU pack e t attack function is enabled, t h e number of times the sw it ching device processes TC BPDU packets in a unit time can be configured

28. Which of the following description i s wrong about the establ i shment way of BFD s e ss i on?

Statically configuring a BFD sessi o n refers to manually con f iguring BFD session par a meters through the command line, including loc a l ide n tifiers and remote ident i f i ers, et c .

When a BFD session i s dynami c al l y establ i s hed, the local i d entifier is dyna m ically allocated

BFD sessions can only be established dynamically

The syst e m distinguis h es st a t i c BFD by dividing the identifier area

29. The second-lay e r network archit e cture of a c o mpany is as shown in the figure. After the engin e er is configured, the servi c es betwe e n the dep a r t ments cannot be communicated. Check the status of the device as follows.

Which i s the possible reason?

The Revision Level configuration b etween s w itches is i n consistent

The BPDU interval configuration b etween s w itches is i n consi s tent.

The Reg i on Name con f iguration b etween the switches is i n con s istent

Instance VLAN mapping configura t ion between the switches is inconsist e nt

30. In an MPLS domain, LSRs can be divided into Ingress LSR, T ransit LSR, and Egress LSR accordi n g to the way of LSR p r ocessing data. F o r the same F EC. A certain LSR may a l so be the In g ress LSR of the FEC or the transit LSR of the FEC.

TRUE

F ALSE

Page 4 of 12

31. There a re two Co m munity-fiter:

ip communityfiter 1 pemit 100:1 200:1 ip community-fil t er 2 pemit 100:1

ip commmunityfiter2 pemit 200:1

Which of the following de s cription about the above communityfi t e is correct? (Multiple choice)

A BGP route matches communit y -filter 1 as long as the community attri b utes carried in the route contain 100:1 or 200:1, o r both.

A BGP route matches communit y -filter 2 as long as the community attri b utes carried in the route contain 100:1 or 200:1, o r both.

A BGP r o ute matches commun i ty-filter 1 only when the commun i ty attri b utes carried in the route contain both 100:1 and 20 0:1.

A BGP r o ute matches commun i ty-filter 2 only when the commun i ty attri b utes carried in the route contain both 100:1 and 20 0:1.

32. Which type of LSA c a nnot in the OSPF stub area? (Multiple Choi c e)

T ype-7

T ype-5

T ype-4

T ype-3

33. Which of the following descriptions about MP - BGP is wrong?

The MP_UNREAC H_ NLRI of the upda t e message d o es not contain t he path attribut e .

MP-BGP can be used to distribute labels.

MP_REACH_ N LRI a n d MP_UNR E ACIH_NLRI are optio n al transitional attributes.

A complete MP_REACH_N L RI attribute structure contains addre s s famil y , next hop and previous level information.

34. Which of the following description about the label space of MP L S is wrong?

When the penultimate hop LSR p er forms label switching, if t h e value of t h e label after the exchange is found to be 3, the label will be ejected by de f ault and the pa c ket will be sent t o the last h o p

If the outgoing label va l ue is 0, the router will directly d iscard the packet

Above 1024 is the label space shared by dynamic signaling protocols s u ch as LD P , R SVP-TE, MP-BG P , e tc .

16~10 2 3 is the label space shared by st a tic LSP and static C R-L SP

35. Which of the following statemen t s about the VXLAN gateway are w ro ng?

The third layer gatew a y of VXLAN can be divided into centra l ized gate w ay and d i stributed gate w a y .

The third layer gatew a y of VXLAN allows inter-subnet VXLAN communications and e x ternal network acces s .

Layer 2 gateway is bound to the VPN instance.

The sec o nd layer gat e way of VXLAN allows tenant access VXLAN VLAN and used to communicate betwe e n the subnets in t h e same VLA

36. R T A is the source DR router a n d R TB is the RP route r . The multic a st s o urce sends multicast data to R T A, but the multicast so u rce Source registered to it through the PIM Register message cannot be se e n on R TB.

What are the p o ssible reasons? (Multiple questions)

The multicast network is statically con f igur e d with R P , but the R T A router is not statically configured with RP

The RP elected by R T A is not R TB

There is no unicast route from R TB to R T A, causing R TB to f a il to check the source RPF

The multicast network dynamically elects the R P , but the R T A 's RPF che c k on the B S R fails

37. Which of the following tools cannot be directly referenced by the If-match c lause in the Route-policy?

Regular e xpression

IP-prefix

AS-path-filter

Community-filt

38. When t he netw o rk converges a g ain, R4 is the DR

D. After the n etwork converges, R 1 is pow e red o f f and restart e d. When the network converges agai n , R3 is the DR.

39. Which of the following statement about OSPF routing calculation is inco r rect?

Compar e d with the PRC algorith m . The ISPF algorithm only calculates the changed l e af nodes w h en the route ch a nges.

When the three, five or s e ven types of LSA change on the ne t work, the PRC algorithm is used to recalculate the route.

When the first and s e cond types of LSAs on the network change, OSPF uses the ISPF algorithm to recalculate routes.

The OSPF router uses the FULL S PF algorithm to ca l culate all nodes in the netw o rk when initially calculating t h e route.

40. Reg a rd i ng the BGP/MPLS IP VPN ne t work architecture, w hich is wrong in the following description?

Sites can visit ea c h ot h er throu g h VPN, and a site can only belong to one VPN

The P device only needs to have b asic M P LS forw a rding c a pabilities and does not maintain VPN related info r mation

The BGP/MPLS IP VPN network a rc hitecture c o nsists of three p arts: CE ( Customer Edge), PE (Provider E d ge), and P (Provider). PE and P are ope r ator eq u ip m ent, and CE is BGP/MPLS IP VPN user equipm e nt.

Under n or mal circumstances, CE e quipment d o es not perceive t he exist e nce of VPN, and CE equipm e nt does not need to s upport MPLS, MP-BG P , etc.

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41. Which of the following about the description of VRRP fast swit c hing is w ron g ? (Multiple Choice)

Use VRRP to monitor the BFD se s s ion or EFM function, aft e r t he BPD s e ssion or EFM session status changes, the VRRP module will be notified to realize VRRP fast connection switching

A VRRP b ackup group cannot mon i tor Peer BFD, Link BFD and Normal BFD at the sa m e time

When multiple BFDs a r e conf i gured to monitor at the same ti m e, each configuration is r e lated to each othe r , which may have an impact

Then the various configurat i ons are related to e ac h othe r , and may a f fect the VRRP b a ckup group to monitor ordi n ary BFD, when the BFD status c hang e s, the back u p group priority will be changed to c hange the active a n d standby status

42. 1 6 8.2.1, 192.1 6 8.3.1 and 1 9 24.1 r espectivel y .

If the OSPF protocol is e nabled on the 4 routers at the same t i me, the BDR selected by OSPF is .

R TB

R TC

R TD

R T A

43. In multicast network, what ha p pe n s to multic a st tra f f i c that c annot be fo r war d ed nor m ally? (Multiple choice)

The router does not have RPF routes.

PIM is not enabled o n the RPF interface.

The upstream router d iscards the r eceived PIM Join messa g e.

Multi-router exit network, th i s router is not DR

44. T wo EBGP neighbo r s connected by t w o parallel cables.

What method will you use to achieve bidirectional load shari n g betwe e n two EBGP neig h bors connected throu g h these two pa r allel serial cables?

Configure the loopback inter f ace to establish an EBGP neighbor relation s hip and configure EBGP Multi-hop. Configure the l oop ba ck int e rface as the update sour c e, and then us e IGP to implement equal-cost path load sha r ing betwe e n add r esses.

Without a ny method, BGP automatically impl e ments load sharing b etw e en di f ferent autonomous systems on the available l inks.

Use the command at both ends "e b gp-lo a d- b al a nce

Configure the EBGP neighb o r r e lat i onship with the loop b ack interface as the up d a t e source. The IGP in each AS must have two equal- cos t paths to the EBGP neighbor loo p back address. Y ou need to use the command "next-hop-loca l ".

Configure the EBGP n e ighbor r elati o nship with the loopback i nterface as the up d a t e source. The IGP in each AS needs to import two equal-cost paths to the EBGP neighb o r loo p back address. Y ou need to use the commands ebgp - max-hop and next- Hop-l o cal

45. Which of the following desc r iption about the OSPF vi r tual link is true?

A v irtual c onnection can be e s tablished in any area, and it s elf belongs to the area after it is established.

The virtual link us e s t h e ou t bou n d interface P as the link address.

The virtual link can be used to solve the probl e m that area 0 is divided.

The cost of the virtual link is the optimal link.

46. Reg a rd i ng the site in the BGP/M P LS IP VPN n etwork architecture, which of the foll o wing descriptions i s correct?

In any case, di f ferent s i tes belonging to the same VPN cann o t use overlapping a d dre s s spaces

The two n etworks that are far ap a rt geo g ra p hically must bel o ng to di f ferent s i tes

T erminals connected to the operato r 's network throu g h the same CE may belong to di f ferent sites

A site is a group of IP sys t ems, and a network formed by a h ost cannot be called a site

47. The IS-IS neighbor b etween R 3 and R1 is not established. According to the information in this figur e , what is the p ossible cause?

The S y s tem ID of R3 a nd R1 a r e d u plicated

IS-Levels of R3 and R 1 do not match

The circuit-type of the int e rconnection interface betwe e n R3 and R1 d oes not match

IH cert i fication of R3 and R1 failed

48. IGMP SSM Mapping statically binds the multicast source to the multicast group, so t h at group members of IGMPv1 and CGIPv2 can also access the SSM multicast network.

Which of the following statements a bout ICIP SSM Mapping is wrong?

The addr e ss of the SSM multic a st gro u p is 232.0.0.0-232. 2 55.255.2 5 5

Statically configure the SSM addre s s mapping r u les on the I G MP querie r , and map the gro u p join information in the IGMPv1 or IGMPv2 membership report to the group leave information

ICMP SSM Mapping d oes not process IGMPv3 rep o rt mess a ges. In order to ensure that hosts run n ing any version of IGMP on t he same network segment can get S SM serv i ces, it i s nece s sary to run IG M Pv3 on the multicast router interf a ce conn e cted to the n etwork seg m ent whe r e the member host i s located

If IGMP SSM Mapping is not enab l ed, neither IGMPv1 nor IGMPv2 support the deployment of SSM multicast

49. What p arameters c an the DHCP v 6 s er v er a ss i gn to the DHCP v 6 c li e nt? (Multiple c h oice)

SNTP se r v er address

IPv6 address prefix

Gateway add r ess

DNS server add r ess

50. There is an AS-path-f i lte r , ip as-path-filter 1 pe r mit ^100(_1 0 0)*( _ 40 0 )*, which AS- PA T H attribute cannot be matched by t h e As-path-filter?

100 400

100 400 400 400

100 200 9 00

100

Page 6 of 12

51. As shown in the following figu re , R1 and R2 establish the neighb o r re l ationship of Level2.

Which of the following statement about the R3 route entry is correct? ( M ultiple choice)

2020::/64 router will appear in the IP routing table.

2022::/64 router will appear in the IP routing table.

2019::/64 router will appear in the IP routing table.

2021::/64 router will appear in the IP routing table.

52. Which AS_ PA TH can the command ip as-path-filter1 permit^12*7 4 $ match?

AS PA TH (32 1 12 2 374)

AS PA TH (12 3 62 1 74 3 237 4 )

AS P A TH (12 5 32 8 74 2 3)

AS P A TH (32 1 27 4 23)

53. The r e a r e 4 port colo r s defined in RST P . The port role valu e s in the flags field of the RSTP pack e t f or the A1 ternative port and the Backup port are the same, and th e y are all 0101 Alternate/Backup port10

Root port 1 1 Designated port.

TURE

F ALSE

54. In the forwa r ding tab l e of the switch, one MAC add r ess can only correspond to one o utgoing interface at t he same ti m e.

T rue

False

55. A cam p us deploys OSPF to achi e v e network interoperabili t y . An engin e er configures R2 as shown in the figure.

What is wrong with the following description of LSA in the OSPF n etwork?

[R2] acl 2000

[R2-acl-basic-20 0 0] rule d eny

[R2-acl-basic-20 0 0] quit [R2] ospf

[R2-ospf-1] a rea 1

[R2-ospf-1 -a rea - 0.0 . 0.1] filter 2000 import

[R2-ospf-1 -a rea - 0.0.0.1] quit

[R2-ospf- 1] default-r o ut e -advertise always

There is n o T y pe3 LSA flooding in Area1

There is n o T y pe 3 LSA flooding in Area 2

There is T ype5 LSA flooding in Ar ea 1

There is T ype5 LSA univ e rsal met h od in Area2

56. Which of the following description is wrong about BGP rou t ing selection?

A. Non-agg r egated r o ut e s take precedence over a ggr e gated r o ute s .

A. If the PrefVal and Local_Preference are equal, if the locally g e nerat e d rou t e, the IBGP route, and the BGP prefer e nce of the EBGP rou t e are used, the valid indication gen e rated by this priority tak e s preced e nce.

C. See the f o llowing entry in the BGP r outing table: * 172.16.1.11/32 0.0.0.0 10 0. Indica t es that the route is available no n -opt i mal.

D. The route that is unre a chab l e for n e xt_hop is invalid and d o e s not partici p ate in the pr e ference.

57. Run the display mpls Isp command on the rou t er to view t h e LSP information. The command out p ut is as follows.

Which of the following is correct?

When sending a packet with the destination IP address of 4. 4 .4.4, the router sends it directly without adding a ny labels.

After the r outer receiv e s t he data packet with the label 10 2 4, it changes to the label 1 02 7 and then sends the data packet.

When se n ding a packet with the destination P a ddress of 2.2 . 2.2, the router sends it directly without adding a ny label.

When se n ding a packet with a destination ad d r e ss of 3.3.3.3, the router w i ll add the label 1026 to the packet before sending it.

58. Y ou hope that only t e lnet tra f f i c c a n access the server (the a d d r ess is 1 0.1.1.100). Then, you a d ded the following ACL on the router:

rule 5 permit tcp source a ny destination 10.1 . 1.100 0.0.0.0 de s tination- p ort e q 23 r u le 10 deny ip source any destination any

Then you apply the ACL to the ingress direc t ion of the serial interface of the route r .

Which of the follow i ng types of packets will be allowed to pass through the router?

A non-fra g mented message that uses port 21 to access the server

Messages that are not the first fragment and use port 23 to access the server's message server

Non-first f ragments to access pac k ets from oth e r hosts

Packets that are not the first fragment and use port 21 to a ccess the se r v er

The first f r agmented o r non-f r agm e nted packet that uses port 23 to acce s s the server

59. What is the three-la y er logical interface used to implement di f ferent VXLAN virtual network communication on the VXLAN L3 Gat e way?

Layer 2 sub-interface

NVE inter f ace

VBDIF in t erface

VI ANIF i n terface

60. R e ga r ding the OSPF command d e scription, which ones are incorrect? (Multiple choice)

The stub router command is used to configure this router as a stub route r . The stub router can form a neigh b or re la tionship with non-stub r ou ters.

The di f ference betwe e n the configuration of the stub area a n d the totally stub area is that the no-summary paramet e r is configured for the totally s tub area

The di f ference betw ee n the con f ig u ration of OSPFv2 and OSPF v 3 and the C comm a nd is that OSPFv2 can use the network command, while OSPFv3 i s directly enabled on the inte r face

There is no need to use router- i d command to configure r ou t er-id in OSPFv3 configuration, the configuration method is t h e same as OSPFv2

Page 7 of 12

61. Which of the following description about configu r ing BGP4+ is c orrect? (Multiple choice)

The BGP4+ route r -ID is the same as the BGP4 router-I

BGP4+ must use the Link-Local a d dress when specifying the peer

The next hop of the BGP4+ rou t e does not use the Link-Local address.

When BGP4+ configures a reflecto r , the roles of the reflect o r and the clie n t must be c o nsistent with the configuration of BGP4.

BGP4+ d oes not support route reflectors.

62. In order to allow the routers at both ends of t h e IPv6 over IPv4 manual tunnel to exchan g e routi n g information, OSPFv3 can be enabl e d on the tunne l . OSPFv3 will be able to form a neigh b or relationsh i p normall y , and the tunnel interf a ce will be treated as a P2P li n k i n terface.

TRUE

F ALSE

63. W hich layers are shared in the O S I reference model and the TCP / IP model? (Multiple Choice)

E xpressi o n layer

Application layer

Transport layer

Session l ayer

Data link layer

64. A router have received a c o mmunity attribute of a No-Export of BGP routing, how d o es the router deal with the BGP routing?

Discard the route directl y .

No longer communicate to other BGP routers.

Only advertise to IBGP neighb o rs.

properly a dvertise the rout e , but do not use the routing to forward d ata.

65. What a r e the comparison items of the main switch election in t h e stack? (Multiple qu e stions)

MAC add r ess

Running status

Sta c k ing priority

Sta c k ID

66. Which of the following description i s wrong about the MPLS BGP VPN?

IBGP establishes a stable BGP neighb o r relati o nship for the ARPback interface add re ss.

Route switching betw e en PE and CE can be static route, OSPF multi-in st ance, IS-iS multi-instan c e, EBG

The TTL field in the tag has the eff e ct of preventing loops.

BGP Soo is used to p r event routes routed from a VPN site f r o m going b a ck to the site through the MPLS back b one. Soo is an extended community attribute auto m ati c ally generated by MP-BG

67. In an MPLS VPN n e twork, when a da t a packet enters the p ublic and is forwarded, it will be encapsulated with two layers of M PLS labels.

Which of the fol l owing opti on s describes the processing proced u re of the data packet correctly? (Multiple Choice)

The outer label of the packet received by the penultimate hop device is 3

The Egress PE device rec e ives untagg e d IP packets

The Egress PE dev i c e correc t ly s e nds the data packet to the correspond i ng VPN acc o rding to the inner la b el

The packet is forwar d ed to the Egress PE device after the outer label p o ps up on the penultimate hop device

68. Reg a rd i ng the BGP r oute refle c tion, which of t he following des c riptions are correct? (Multiple

Choice)

A.

A . Cluster_List is an optional no n -tran s itional attribute, u sed for ring p r event i on within a clu s te r .

B. The route learn e d from the client is advertised to all non- c lients and clients of th i s RR.

C. a network is divided into a p lurality of bone refl ec ted ten cl u s ters, each R R will further RR ar r an g ed non-clients, each RR is established between IBGP fully mes h ed.

D. The Originator_JD att r ibute is generated by the route refle c tor (RR), which is u s ed to prevent loops betwe e n clusters.

69. What is the Rout e r-ID of OSPFv3?

128-bit value

32-bit val u e

64-bit value

100-bit value

70. Reg a rd i ng the way the device handles packets in the MPLS network model, which of the following description is wron g ? (Multiple Choice)

The label forwa r ding p ath LSP is determined a n d established through v a rious protoc o ls during the forwa r ding of the packet.

Both LER and LSR will carry out label distribution.

LSR must not strip la b els.

The device discards t h e IP pack e ts entering the MPLS domain.

Page 8 of 12

71. A certain park depl oy ed both IPv4 and IPv6 networks for busine s s t e st i ng, and IS-IS was run to achieve network intercon n ection. IS-IS rou t ing p r otocol has go o d scalability a nd is w i dely used in exist i ng networks.

Regarding IS-IS scalabilit y , wh i ch of the following statements are correct? (Mu l tiple questions)

In order for IS-IS to su p port IPv6, a new T L V needs to be added to carry IPv6 address information

IS-IS u ses T L V structu r e to construct messages, which makes IS-IS more flexible and ex pandab l e

NLPID is a new T L V of IS-IS to support IPv6

For IS-IS, adding n ew features only needs to add a new T L V

72. How d o 802.1w and 802.1D h an d le BPDU?

The 802.1w bridge o n l y forwards BPDU packet received from t h e root bridge.

The 802.1D bridge does not forward BPDU packet.

The 802. 1 D bridge o n l y forwards BPDU packet received from t h e root bridge.

The 802.1W bridge does not forward BPDU packet.

73. The E position is 0.

B. The NSSA area gen er ates seven types of LSAs to advertise external r o utes. The FA address in the seven types of LSAs is used to prevent loops.

C. A default LSA must be auto m atically genera t ed i n the NSSA area to access the external network.

D. The OSPF neighbor in the NSSA area sends the he1lo text. The N position in the option- field is 0, and the E positi o n is 1.

74. The advanced access control list is a series of sequential r u les compos e d of permit | deny statements. These rules can match IP packets according to wh i ch of the fol l owing att r ib u tes? (Multiple choice)

Destinati o n port num b er

Source address

Destination add r ess

Source port number

75. Which of the following sta t ement about the LSA of OSPFv3 3 is correct? (Multiple choice)

The Link State id of the Int e r-Area Prefix-LSA contains the prefix information.

Router-L S A and Netw o rk-LSA do not contain routing information.

When the Intra-Area P r efix LSA has the Refere nc ed Link State Type-2, the Refer e nced Link State id contains the inter f ace id of the D

Inter-Area-Prefix LSA also con t ains Link-Local information

76. In the MPLS-BGP-VPN environ m ent, if the label is only dis t ributed thr ou gh BGP or LDP, the MP L S

label of the packet has at mo s t two layers of labels.

True

False

77. As shown in the figure, a park deploy e d IPv6 for s e rvice testing. There are 4 routers in the network, runni n g OSPFv3 to achi e ve network interconnection.

Regarding the LSA gene r ated by the OSPFv3 network, which of the following statements is wrong?

R1 itself w ill generate Route r -LSA to describe device inter f a c e information, and at the same time i t will receive Router-LSA g e n e rated by R2 and R3

The LSDB of R1 has a Networ k -LSA gene r ated b y R3, indicating that R3 may be the DR of the link

As an ABR, R2 will generate Inter-Area-Prefix-L SA describing Area l ’ s IPv6 address prefix and advertise it to R1 and R 3

R1 will receive the 2 Link-L SAs generat e d by R 2, describing the information of t he two links connected to R2 respectively

78. Which of the following sta t ement a bout IPSG t e chnology is c orrect?

The IPSG can perform binding tab l e matching check on P packets that e n ter the i n terface and leave the interface.

On the Huawei rout e r, you can configure the IPSG function on the Vlanif.

I f an interface is c onfigured as a DHCP s nooping Trust HCP ACK, DHCP N AKHCP, and Offerf pack e ts, other untrusted ports cannot receive these packets.

ip source check user-bind c heck-it e m command to configure based VLAN or interface IP packet checking it e ms, the c o mmand have e ffect on the dynamic and sta t ic entries.

79. In an MPLS BGP VPN network that does not enable the M PLS penul t imate hop p o p-up techno l og y , when the message rea c hes the last hop PE, the message has two layers of labels, and the two layers of label values can be the same.

TURE

F ALSE

80. Reg a rd i ng the di f ference between NSR and N S F , which one is correct?

NSR must rely on neighbori n g rou t ers to complete

Both NSR and N S F need neig h bor routers to complete

NSF must rely on neighbor r o uters to complete

NSF does not need ne i ghb o r route r s to complete

Page 9 of 12

81. Which of the following description on BCP properties is correct?

The AS number of the neighb o ring AS is arran g ed at the far right of the AS_Path list in the BGP rout in g entr y .

When BGP Speaker advertises routes learned f r om EBCP peers to IBGP peers, it does not c hange the next hop attribute of the routing infor m ation.

Local_Pr e f is only valid be t ween EBGP peers and is not adv e rtised to third-party ASs.

A route can only have one commu n ity a ttribute value.

82. Comm a nd ip ip-pref i x ip-prefix-name [index i n dexnumbe r{ permit|deny}ipv4-ad d ress mask-length if a prefix list of l ess-equst has been specified, but greater- e qual is n ot specified, t hen what is the scope of t h e prefix?

[ 0 ， less-equal-value]

[ mask-le n ath ， less-equal-value]

[ess-equal-value ， 32]

No limit

83. The base AC add r ess of a PC is 548 9 98FB 65D8. The a d ministrator wants this PC to obtain the specified IP add r ess 192.168. 1 1/ 2 4 from the DHCP serve r , so the command configured b y the administrator should be .

dhep static -bind ip address 192.1 6 8.1. 1 1 mac-address 5489 -9 8FB-6 5 D8

dhep static -bind ip address 192.1 6 8.1. 1 1 24 m a c- address 5 4 89 - 98FB-6 5 D8

dhep server static -bind ip address 192.1 6 8 . 1. 1 1 255.255.2 55 .0 mac- address 5489-9 8 FB- 65D8

dhep server static-bind ip-add r ess 192.168.1. 1 1 mac- addre s s 5489-98F B - 65D8

84. As shown in the figure, the ISIS overload bit is set in the configurati o n of router R3.

Which of the following statements is c o rrect? (Multiple Choice)

The direct route of R3 will be ignored by R1 and R2 because of the overlo a d bit setting.

B. When the router mem o ry is in s u f ficient, the system automati c ally s ets the overload flag in the sent LSP

message, regardless of wheth e r t he user has con f igured the set - overload c ommand.

C. The routes imported by R3 through import-route will not be advertised.

D. The LSP of R3 will not spread to R1 and R2.

E. R3 starts the load discussion stat e , R1 and R2 will not cal c u late the LSP gen e ra t ed by R3 in the SP

tree.

85. The interface Serial0 of an existi n g router is in OSPF area 1, and the interface S e rial0 is set to the

Silent interface, so what e ffect does this setting have?

OSPF does not establish any adjacencies through the interf ac e.

OSPF does not add r o utes lea r ned from the interface to the l ocal routing table.

OSPF will receive routing up d ates from neigh b o r s

OSPF e stablishes available adjac e ncies through this interf a c e.

86. As sh o wn in the figure, wh i ch of the following statement i s correct? (Multiple Choice)

If the R2 E thernet 0/0/1 interface is down, the R 1 BFD s ession can quickly detect the fault and notify R1 to make the OSPF neighbor relation s hip down.

The OSPF stat u s ch a nges to FULL, which triggers the BFD session.

If the R2 Ethernet0/0/0 interface is down, the next hop of t he route that R1 reaches 10.0.0.2 is c han g ed to 10.0.21.2.

If the BFD function is d i s ab l ed on R2, the BFD s ession on R1 will be down. This will result in the os p f neigh b or re la tionship do w n.

If the R2 Ethernet 0/0/1 in t erface is down, the next hop of t h e route that R1 r eaches 10.0.0.2 is changed to 1 0.0.12.2.

87. Which of the following LSAs only spread in a single ar e a? ( Mul t iple choice)

Router LSA

Summary LSA

Network LSA

AS E x ternal LSA

88. ISIS and OSPF are running on a network at the same time. The topolo g y is shown in the figure. T he two bor d er r outers: R TB and R TC, a r e respectively configured to import routes, and the devices are connected by one gigabit port, 2.2.2.2/32 network segment is i mported into OSPF by import-r o ute-di r ect on R TD. Assuming that all other configurations are dead a nd the default conf i guration, wh i ch about the description of this network i s wrong?

Adjusting the ISIS priority on R TB to 160 can avoid subopti m al routing pr o blems in the n etwork.

Use the following configuration on R TC to filter out only t h e routes in the 2.2.2 . 2/32 n e twork segment when importing routes, [ R TC]ip ip-pref i x 10 index 1 deny 2.0.0.0 8 less-equal 32 [ R TC-isis -1]filter-policy ip-prefix 10 import

R TB learns the route next hop for t h e 2.2.2.2/32 network segment is R T

The following configur a tion can filter out the routes from the 2 .2.2.2/32 network segment of R TD when R TC imports OSPF routes. [ R TC-acl-b as ic-2001]rule 5 deny source 2.0.0.0 0.255.2 5 5.255 [ R TC-ac1-b as ic-2001]rule 10 permit R TC-isis-1]filter-policy 2001 import

89. ISIS will elect DIS in the broad c ast multi-access network.

Which of the f o llowing statement about DIS

is correct? (Multiple Cho i ce)

ISIS elects the D I S by comparing t h e priorities and compares the MAC addresses if t h e priorities are the same.

DIS guar a ntees datab a se synchronization by periodically se n ding CSNP messages

In a broadcast multi-access network, the DIS sends Hello PDUs three ti m es as o f ten.

DIS supports the preemption function. After the new DIS pr e emption is successful, you do not ne e d to flood any LSP packets.

90. Which of the following is true about the ISIS GR description?

The GR f e ature of ISIS is enabled by default.

The GR of IS I S has a t otal of four t i mers.

The GR of ISIS notifies the event and maintains the neigh b or relationship thro u gh the CSNP message.

The GR of ISIS defin e s a new T L V structure to support this f eature.

Page 10 of 12

91. Which of the following descriptions of MED is correct? (Multip l e questions)

The default value of MED is 100

MED can only be deli v ered within this AS

MED is a n optional n o n-transitional attribute

The defa u lt value of MED is 0

92. As s hown in the figure, all route r s run OSP F .

Which of the following statements is correct?

R2 gene r ates Router LSA in both area 1 a n d a rea

R2 only g ene r ates Router LSA in area 0

R2 forwa r ds the Router LSA gene ra ted by R1 to R3

R2 forwa r ds the Router LSA gene ra ted by R3 to R1

93. The fo u r routers are runni n g I S -IS and have established ad j acency relationships. The area num be rs and router levels are marked as shown in the figure. If route p e netration is configur e d on the R1 device, what is the cost of R4 to 10.0.2.2/32?

94. OSPFv2 is an IGP r u nning on a n IPv4 network; OSPFv3 is an IGP running on an IPv6 network. Compa r ed w ith OSPFv2, OSPFv3 has a sim i lar LSA type, but the f u nctions a re slightly d i f f erent.

Which of the following is not included in the LSA type of OSPF v 3?

AS- E x ternal-LSA

A S BR-Summary-LSA

Router-L S A

Network- L SA Router- L SA Network-LSA Inter-Area-Prefix-L S A Inter-Area - Route r -LSA AS-External-LSA Grou p -membership - LSA T ype-7 - LSA Link-LSA Intra-Are a -Prefix-LSA

95. What kind of packets can Huaw e i equipment perform tra f fic supp r essi o n for? (Multiple Choice)

Broadcast

Known unicast

Multic a st

Unknown unicast

96. Gen e ra l l y , VPN use r s can only c o mmunicate with each othe r , not communicate with Internet users, cannot access the Internet. But VPR r espective site may have a c cess to the need of I n ternet.

Which of the following description about VPN and Internet implementatio n s is correct? (Multiple choice)

Implemented on the user side, directly connect the CE to the Internet. Ea c h user site c an be individually connected to the Int e rnet. That is, the CE of each site is configured to the d e fault route of the Internet.

In the PE, realization is c o m plex, a n d there are security risks, PE equipment may be s u bject to Internet of Dos political strike.

Implemented on P

T he PE devi c e sends a default route to t h e Internet to the CE, and adds a default route to the VPN instan c e routing table to point to t he Intern e t g atewa y .

It is implemented on the user s ide, t he implementation meth o d is simple, the public network and the private network route are isolated, and it is s a fe and reliable.

97. Which of the following sta t ements about static VXLAN channel configur a tion are correct? (Multip l e choice)

In the NVE inter f ace, the destination address of the VXLAN t unnel can be specified by the address in the head - e n d copy li s t. Multiple VXLAN tunnels can only create one NVE interface

For a VXLAN tunnel, a one-to - one c orresp o ndi n g NVE interf a c e needs to be created, in which the source IP a d dress and d e stination IP address are clearly specifi e d. Therefore, there are multiple VXLAN tunnels on VTE

The co r respond i ng n umber of NVE interfaces mu s t be configured

A BD needs to create an NVE interface, when there a r e multiple BDs, m ultiple NVE i nterfaces m u s t be created

One NVE interface can be ass o ciated with multiple VNIs, so when th e re a re multiple BDs, only one NVE interface can be created

98. The IS-ISL eve 1-1 neighb o rs o f R3 and R 4 a re not established. According to the information in this figure, what are the possible reasons?

[R3] display isis error Hel l o packet errors: ... ... Repeated S yst e m ID: 0 Bad Circuit T y pe 0 Bad T L V

Length: 0 Z e ro Holdi n g T ime 0 Unus a ble IP Addr: 0 Rep e ated IPv4Addr 0 Mismatched Area Ad d （ r

L 1 ） :13

Mismatched Proto 0 SN P A Conflicted(L AN): 0 Mismatched Level 0 Mismatched Max Area Addr: 0 Bad

Authentication 0 … … [R 3 ]

IS-Levels of R3 and R 4 do not match

R3 and R4 have di f ferent area co d es

IH cert i fication of R3 and R1 failed

The circuit-type of the int e rconnection interface betwe e n R3 and R4 d oes not match

99. Which of the following sta t ements about the concept of mul t icast is wrong?

Multicast r outer: router or layer thr e e switch that supports the three-layer multica s t fu n c tion

Multicast gro u p members: Mu l ticast group members can be widely distributed anywh e re in the network

Multic a st gro u p: a set identified by an IP multic a st address

Multic a st source: the send e r of information, who needs to join the multic a s t group to provide the forwa r ding of multic a st g r oup messages

100. Which of the following descriptions about TTL in the MPLS hea d er are c orrect? (Multiple choice)

The processing meth o d of cop y ing the IP TIL value hides the LSR of the MPL S domain and plays a certain security role

Can prevent infinite loop forward i ng of messages

MPLS h a s two ways to deal wi t h TT

One is to copy the IP TTL value of the TTL of t h e MPLS header when an IP p acket enters the MPLS network; the other is to uni f ormly set the TTL of the MPLS head e r to 255 at the ingress LE

When copying TTL i s p rohibited, tracert can see the LSR of t h e MPLS domain that it p a sses through

Page 11 of 12

101. The Ne x t Header field informa t ion only exists in the IPv6 message and is used to in d icate wheth e r there is an extended he a der in IPv6.

T rue

False

102. In the lab network, the network is b uilt as follows. SW1 is t h e default configuration a n d SW2 disables

ST P .

Which of the following description about scenario is correct?

G0/0/2 of sw1 en t ers Discarding st a te

G0/0/1 of sw2 en t ers Discarding st a te

G0/0/2 of sw2 en t ers Discarding st a te

No interface is blocked

G0/0/1 of SW1 en t ers Discarding state

103. A bookstore provides a wired ne t work for customers to learn on l ine. H o weve r , some users are found unable to access the network one d a y . A fter checking, the IP r esource of the DHCP ad d ress pool has been exh a usted.

Which of the following is the best w ay to solve the current p r oblem?

Configure IPSG

Configure a static ARP binding tabl e .

Limit the maximum number o f DH C P snooping binding entri e s that an int e rface can learn.

Configure DAI

104. The rul e s of RR advertising routes break the ru l es of IBGP spl i t horizon, so it m a y c a use loops in the

AS.

What r o uting attributes does RR use to prevent loops? (Mul t iple choice)

Nexthop

Originator ID

AS- PA TH

Cluster List

105. MQC is the same as PBR, and c a n only be called un d er the three-layer interface of t h e device.

TRUE

F ALSE

106. T raditional BGP-4 can only manage IPv4 unicast routing informa t ion. In order to provide support for multiple network layer prot o cols, MP-BGP extends BGP-4.

MP-BGP us e s address f a milies to d istinguish di f ferent network layer protocols.

Which o f t he following add r ess families are currently support e d? (Multiple Choice)

BGP-VPNv4 address family

BGP - IPv6 unicast address family

BGP-VPN instance IPv6 add r ess f a mily

DBGP-IPv4 broad c ast address family

107. An existing BGP router HW1 is configured with both an IBGP nei g hbor a nd an EBGP neigh b o r .

Which of the following de s criptions are correct about IBGP neighbors and EBGP neighbo r s? (Multiple Choice)

The router will send B G P updates learned from its IBGP neighbors to its o wn other IBGP neighbors and EBGP neighb o rs.

The router will send B G P updates learned from its EB G P neighbors to its o wn other IBGP neighbors and EBGP neighb o rs.

IBGP neighbors must be directly connected. Otherwise, IBGP- M ulti-hop must be confi g ured

EBGP neighb o rs must be direc t ly connected. Otherwise, EBGP-Multi-hop must be c o nfigured

IBGP nei g hbors can establi s h neig h bor relation s hips through loopback interfaces.

EBGP neighb o rs must establi s h neighb o r relati o nships through directly connected p h ysical interface add r esses.

108. For Layer 2 VPN technology, w h i ch of the fol l owing statements are correct? (Multiple Choice)

VPLS i s a widely used technology on the live network. It can provide Layer 3 packet tr a nsparent transmission and achie v e multi-point access.

The VPLS configuration is highly complex. The Layer 2 netw o rk transparently transm it s BUM pa ck ets.

BGP EVPN supports tenant isolation, multi-homing and br o adcast suppression

BGP EVPN solves the problem o f MAC address drift and multi-tenancy that VPLS cannot support.

109. The following proc ed ure for NDP to resolve the link layer a d dress is correct or not.

T ure

False

110. The association between LDP and IGP refers to the suppression of the issuance of r e a chable rout e s throu g h IG P . T o ensure t h at the LDP and IGP link a ges c omplete network c o nvergence. Make the IGP a n d LDP keep the path con s istent. Minim i ze the loss o f tra f fic and i mprove the reliability of the entire network.

T rue

False

Page 12 of 12

111. 0.3.3/32 1 00.1.1.0 / 24 o utside Routing, in order to reduce the load on the R1 route r , the configuration commands are as follows:

[R1] ip pprefixt permlt 100.1.1.024 [R1]ospf1

[R1-ospf-1]Filter-policy ip-prefx 1 impot

Which of the following de s cription is correct? (Multiple choic e )

There is n o external r o ute to 100.1.1.024 in the IP routing table of router R 1

In the IP r outing table of router R1, there is an external route to 100.1.1.0/24

There is no loopback route to R 2 in the IP routing table of ro ut er R1

There is no loopback route to R 3 in the IP routing table of ro ut er R1

112. Which of the following sta t ements about the BFD detection mode are c o rrect? (Multiple choice)

Asynchronous mode is a commonly used BFD detection mode

In a synch r onous mode, the sys t ems will send BFD control pac k ets a ccording to the negotiated cycle. I f a s y stem i s c hecking

If the BFD control pac k et from the p eer is not received wit h in the test time, the B F D session status will be declared as Down. In query mode, once the BFD session i s established, the system w ill no longer periodically send BFD control packets.

Asy n chronous detection mode d oe s not support echo functi o n

113. About BGP Union, which of the f o llowing desc r iption is wrong?

The alliance divides an AS into sev e ral sub-ASs, and the AS outside the alliance still considers the alliance to be an A

Sub-auto n omous syst e ms in the alliance can use private AS numbers. For Hua w ei NE/AR routers, an alliance can configure up to 32 sub-au t ono m ous systems.

Union can easily be detected AS r o uting loop i n side, because the sub- AS operation i s between the EBG

Alliance sub AS numbe r , other th a n the default notice to the Union BGP peers.